My Sand Castle

Y-dna Haplogroup CF: Originated by 72500 - 68000 BCE (70000 - 74500 BP) ... Place unknown... Suspected places of origin: North East Africa, Middle East & South Asia... Descendants: C (C-M130) & F (F-M89) Y-dna Haplogroup C: C or C-M130: Originated atleast 60 kya...  Place of origin: Central Asia or East Asia... Alternative opinion: by 53kya but this one is proven wrong anyways as stated below... "Haplogroup C-M130 seems to have come into existence shortly after SNP mutation M168 occurred for the first time, bringing the modern Haplogroup CT into existence, from which Haplogroup CF, and in turn Haplogroup C, derived. This was probably at least 60,000 years ago..." More info:  C-M130 expansion in East Asia is suggested to have started approximately 40,000 years ago... C1 is found primitive in Melanesians, Polynesians, half of Australian aboriginals, Upper Paleolithic & Mesolithic hunter gatherers of Western & Eastern Europe, Upper Paleolithic fossil in Western E...

Y-dna Haplogroup DE: DE - Originated in North East Africa 76000 (73-76kya) years ago...  Another opinion: Middle East (assumed because of mtDna L3), D haplogroup was thought to be zero in Africa but found more in central & East Asia... So its assumed that DE split into two in Asia by 100kya from a very early migration and D went East & E back migrated to Africa later with E haplogroup... Conclusion: D-M174 mutation was found later in its ancestral form in African natives... Haplogroup D was formerly the name of the D lineage D-M174. However, a study (Haber et al. 2019) identified a haplogroup, termed "D0", in three Nigerian samples. The "D0" haplogroup is outside M174, but shares 7 SNPs with it that E lacks... The authors consider several possibilities, but in part because of the likely deep-rooting of haplogroup "D0", as well as recently calculated early divergence times for it and its parent haplogroup, DE, the authors conclude in favor of an Afr...

Y-dna Haplogroup CT Originated in North East Africa between 100-70kya... Alternative opinions: 70 Kya, Karafet et al. (2008) 100 Kya, Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015). 101 Kya, Haber M, Jones AL, Connel BA, Asan, Arciero E, Huanming Y, Thomas MG, Xue Y, Tyler-Smith C (June 2019) North East Africa - Darwinian Detectives: Revealing the Natural History of Genes and Genomes, by Norman A. Johnson, 2007... Descendants: CF & DE... Ancestor: BT...

Y-dna Haplogroup BT - originated in Africa 150-145 Kya (kilo years ago), ie 150,000 - 145000 years ago, Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015)... Ancestor: A2-T Descendants: B-M60 & CT...  Y-dna Haplogroup B-M60 originated in Africa by 100 kya, Kamin M, Saag L, Vincente M, et al. (April 2015)... ___